SQL Basic Statements

In SQL, to perform operations like create, delete, update, drop, truncate, insert, etc., operations on databases, tables, and stored procedures, we need to follow some of the predefined syntax formats.

Following are some basic SQL statements to perform operations like insert, update, delete, select on databases, tables, etc., based on our requirements.

Statement	Description
CREATE DATABASE	This statement is useful to create a new database in sql.
ALTER DATABASE	By using this statement, we can alter or modify existing database details.
DROP DATABASE	This statement is useful to drop or delete an existing database in sql.
CREATE TABLE	This statement is useful to create a new table in sql.
ALTER TABLE	This statement is useful to modify existing tables in sql.
DELETE TABLE	This statement is useful to delete records from tables in sql.
DROP TABLE	This statement is useful to drop the complete table from sql database.
CREATE INDEX	This statement is useful to create an index on the table.
DROP INDEX	This statement is useful to drop an existing index on the table.
INSERT INTO	This statement is useful to insert data into tables.
SELECT	This statement is useful to get data from tables.
UPDATE	This statement is useful to update the records in a table.
CREATE PROCEDURE	This statement is useful to create a new stored procedure in sql database.
ALTER PROCEDURE	This statement is useful to modify an existing stored procedure in sql database.
DROP PROCEDURE	This statement is useful to delete an existing stored procedure in sql database.

SQL is not case sensitive, which means CREATE DATABASE or create database both statements are same.

The following are the syntaxes of the above sql statements to perform required operations in sql server.

SQL CREATE DATABASE Syntax

Following is the syntax of creating a new database in sql server.

CREATE DATABASE databasename

SQL ALTER DATABASE Syntax

ALTER DATABASE olddbName MODIFY NAME = newdbName

SQL DROP DATABASE Syntax

DROP DATABASE dbname

SQL CREATE TABLE Syntax

CREATE TABLE tablename
 (
 columnname1 datatype(size),
 columnname2 datatype(size),
 columnname3 datatype(size),
 ......
 )

SQL ALTER TABLE Syntax

ALTER TABLE tablename ADD columnname datatype

 Or

 ALTER TABLE tablename DROP COLUMN columnname

 Or

 ALTER TABLE tablename ALTER COLUMN columnname datatype

SQL DELETE TABLE Syntax

DELETE FROM tablename

 or

 DELETE FROM tablename where columnname=somevalue

SQL DROP TABLE Syntax

DROP TABLE tablename

SQL CREATE INDEX Syntax

CREATE INDEX indexname ON tablename(columnname)

SQL DROP INDEX Syntax

DROP INDEX tablename.columnname

SQL INSERT INTO Syntax

INSERT INTO tablename(column1,column2,column3,..,columnN)
 VALUES(value1,value2,value3,..valueN)

SQL SELECT Syntax

SELECT column1,column2,column3,...,columnN from tablename

 Or

 SELECT * FROM tablename

SQL UPDATE Syntax

UPDATE tablename SET columnname1=value1, columnname2=value2

SQL CREATE PROCEDURE Syntax

CREATE PROCEDURE procedurename
 @parameter datatype
 AS
 BEGIN
 select * from tablename where columnname1=@parameter
 END

SQL ALTER PROCEDURE Syntax

ALTER PROCEDURE procedurename
 @parameter datatype,
 @parameter2 datatype
 AS
 BEGIN
 select * from tablename where columnname=@parameter and columnname2=@parameter2
 END

SQL DROP PROCEDURE Syntax

DROP PROCEDURE procedurename